Problem Solving & Spreadsheet Modeling Essay Example for Free

Problem Solving Spreadsheet Modeling EssayThis paper talks about the bother re closure power process along with examples, as healthful as one of more comm sole(prenominal) used mildew and analytical techniques, i.e. spreadsheet modeling. It also talks about its dependency, its uses, disadvantages and well as explores centerings to better this very spick-and-span, but powerful technique. Modeling is the process of creating a simplied representation of real life puzzles and representing them in an unionized fashion in order to understand a particular problem. These models can take mevery forms such as mental, visual, numeric or electronic spreadsheets to key out a few. Their uses can be seen in almost every field of our daily lives such as line of contrastes, governments, human reextractions, science and engineering, and medicine etc. Their elemental function is to gain insight into a specific problem and after getting a clear understanding of the topic, one can easi ly fire it from different directions with attainable solutions. This paper discusses this process in detail, pioneering with gaining insight into a specific problem by apply a problem solving model, and then moves on to how it applies to spreadsheet modeling.It also discusses different aspects of electronic spreadsheet engineering, its uses and caveats, as well as its dependency in the business world these days. Before creating any models, visual, mathematical or spreadsheets, one has to beat with the problem solving process. The problem solving process consists of six storeys that can be followed to solve almost any problem. These stages or steps are employed and are repeated multiple terms, not necessarily in the equivalent order, to obtain an competent and refined solution to a particular problem. The first of these stages is exploration of a mess. A mess is a morass of unsettling symptoms, actors, data, pressures, shortfalls, and opportunities (Baker Powell, p.18). O ne of the key issues in solving any problem is to be able to take any given situation and extract key information, problems, issues as well as opportunities from it. A problem never presentsitself in a clear, well-posed statement.It is usually hidden in a scenario, along with a lot of other trivial information and any problem solving should start by understanding a given situation and be able to extract key information from it. During this phase, questions that are explored include listing problems or opportunities that are to be faced, gaps between current and desired situations, and thinking about stated and unstated goals. (Baker Powell, p.21) Baker and Powell use an example of a pharmaceutical company in their book, where majority of that companys revenue is generated from the production and distribution of a single drug, and present a scenario where the patent for that drug heads towards its expiration date in upcoming months. Using this scenario, exploring the mess stage wou ld involve the company officials to perform individual researches and evaluate any threats and affects the expiration of the drug patents would seduce on their revenues as well as taking initial steps to address the upcoming problems (Baker Powell, p.21). Second stage of the problem solving process involves trenchant for information.This includes opinions, raw data, impressions and publish literature etc. and involves casting about widely for any and all information that might shed light on what the problem really is (Baker Powell, p.22). This is fundamentally a brainstorming phase, and usually involves approaching the mess from different directions. In the case of the pharmaceutical company, for example, senior managers would handle this phase by attribute meetings and addressing their discomfort towards the upcoming problem as well as hiring outside consultants to perform company as well as industry research and gathering all the necessary facts involving this problem. This stage is usually complete when relevant information for the situation at hand if found and organized and when initial hypotheses about the source of the problem and potential solutions are discussed. (Baker Powell, p.22) The next phase of the process, known as identifying the problem, starts out in its divergent phase with a few possible problem statements that can be inferred from earlier stages. These problem statements are evaluated and go forths in a final, more detailed, problem statement that may or may not be an aggregation of one or more initial statements.It is imperative that each(prenominal) of the initial problem statements are examined individually and eliminated carefully and the end result is an unambiguous problem statement. Forexample, the pharmaceutical executives may initially come up with two different problem statements, one dealing with somehow extending patent dates and rivet on revitalizing their strategy around the existing drug, while the other group t hinking about how to come introduce other drugs into the market to check the decline in revenues. Another option looks at decreasing costs and expenses overall to cover the losses incurred.From these initial statements, developing a portfolio and introduction of sore drugs seems to win the general consensus. The next phase of searching for possible solutions to the now defined problem statement involves open-ended process searches for good, even radical, solutions. This can only be done however, when a problem statement has already been described. Considering possible solutions to an ambiguous problem is not only inefficient but also weighty as well, since it can lead to solutions that were nowhere close to the original problem and can result in a lot of wasted time and resources.This stage is complete when a list of potential solutions is produced and perhaps a list of advantages and disadvantages for each one (Baker Powell, p.23). In the case of the pharmaceutical example, thi s phase can start out with solutions including speeding up FDA approval process for the new drugs, investing RD resources and funds towards drugs with the highest percentages of approval and focusing on a new portfolio of drugs in the same medical category, and thus providing expertise in one or two specialty areas (Baker Powell, p.23). Next comes the stage of evaluating all possible solutions and deciding on the preferred solution. This is done through evaluating each of the initial solutions against a set of given criteria. This can lead directly to a preferred alternative. More often, this process leads to changes, and improvements, in the solutions themselves. Often, stronger points of multiple solutions are grafter together while less attractive aspects are removed and through this process, a final, preferred solution is refined (Baker Powell, p.24).For example, for the pharmaceutical drug scenario, after evaluating and grafting various solutions, it can be decided that one most critical area for improvement is how RD funds are allocated over time. And finally, the problem solving process concludes with carrying into action the preferred solution. In this phase, a problem-solving team will identify sources of resistance as well as support for their solution. During this stage, erstwhile asolution has been implemented, a final evaluation is done after some time to see if the implementation has been successful or not. This stage concludes when an implementation plan is produced and executed enough so that the team may begin to evaluate how well it is succeeding. For example, the pharmaceutical problem solving team will acquit to get approval and support from the senior management for their solution and when they carry the plan forward, they must monitor its impacts and modify it as needed, and solve a new set of problems as they arise.In order for a solution to be refined, these six steps must sometimes be repeated multiple times, each time creating a new solution to the problems in the previous cycle. It is also worth stating that only rarely are these six stages followed in a grim sequence. Most problem-solving processes move back and forth from one stage to another, perhaps rethinking the problem statement while evaluating solutions, or returning to an information-gathering mode while searching for solutions (Baker Powell, p.25). Now a brief overview of the problem solving process has been outlined, we can discuss one of the more common problem solving and analyzing techniques used in the business world today, i.e. spreadsheet modeling. Baker and Powell explain it in their book that spreadsheet is the second best way to do many kinds of analysis and is in that locationfore the best way to do most modeling (p.4).Basically what this means is that for any singular modeling task, there is always some better, more powerful software in stock(predicate) that can handle that specific task. However, due to the involvedity and cos ts related to such applications and their very narrow scope of problem solving capabilities, it becomes inefficient for most companies and analysts to use separate software for separate models. Therefore, most of the modeling in the business world is done in electronic spreadsheets due to its nature of creation able to handle and process a wide scope of modeling and analytical tasks. There are, however, limitations to electronic spreadsheets due to its broad capabilities but most modeling tasks in many companies can be easily handled through spreadsheet modeling and analytical tools. Despite their limitations, spreadsheets allow modelers to build more detailed and more complex models and also have the advantage of being pervasive in business analysis. On the other hand, however, using electronic spreadsheets is not without its downsides.The business world is muted at an early stage of understanding how to develop error-freespreadsheets. And one of the caveats of using electronic s preadsheets is assuming that they are error free. In fact studies and research have shown that only less than ten percent of spreadsheets in individual studies have been free of any errors (Graves, p.1). These errors may be small and would seem very insignificant, such as improper sorting or entering numbers as text, but in larger companies, the results can be devastating and can cause effects ranging from ineligible candidates becoming police officers to a school losing more than $50,000 in funding due to budget understatements (Baker Powell, p. 6). When using electronic spreadsheets, or any software for that matter, it is also imperative to ensure that the software packages are always up to date. This can range anywhere from applying security updates to upgrading software versions altogether.Upgrading a business software is more than just an economic business decision. It is a matter of security, productivity, lower costs, and employee morale (Garger, p.1). The longer any softwar e has been around, the more vulnerable it gets to malevolent viruses and security breaches. Therefore any software must be updated or upgraded routinely since newer versions would be safer from a security standpoint guarding against vulnerabilities from previous versions. Another rationalness to keep software up to date is from a budget point of view. Usually, older versions of any software are more expensive to maintain than the newer versions (Garger, p.1). And plausibly the most important reason to update any software, and especially spreadsheets, is an increase in productivity. Software companies are continually adding newer features to their applications that increase productivity and are efficient in handling various tasks.More often than not, newer versions usually have larger set of capabilities and tools under their belt and can perform more tasks in lesser time and with more ease (Garger, p.2). Even though electronic spreadsheets are still quite new in the business worl d, their dependency has been increase drastically in the past two decades. About 25 years past, the idea of personal computers was unknown to most and modeling was performed only by specialists using demanding software on expensive hardware. This meant that only the most critical business problems could be analyzed using models, because only these problems justified the large budgets and long time commitments required to build, debug, and apply the models of the day (Graves, p.1). However, since then, the ever evolving technological advancesstarting with personal computers, spreadsheets and now the add-on features for specialized analyses have greatly changed the business world.Nowadays, anyone with a laptop and little background in spreadsheet modeling can easily handle tasks that would have been thought of as quite complex 25 years ago and would have required teams of specialist to perform (Baker Powell, p.5). In fact, these applications have become a staple of end users and bus iness professionals and are widely used by businesses, service agencies, volunteer groups, private sector organizations, scientists, students, educators, trainers, researchers, journalists, accountants and others (Graves, p.2) In conclusion, spreadsheets represent an ever-present platform for businesses and our dependency on them cannot be understated.However, as with any great tool, there are many stipulations. Any tool can be only as useful and powerful as its user. Therefore, in order to use electronic spreadsheets properly, one has to be proficient in their use and must acquire the necessary skill set to create and analyze powerful and effective business models. Knowing the capabilities of any given software as well as its limitations is crucial. And finally, planning a spreadsheet model properly and never assuming that it will be error-free are necessary to create successful business models. Only with a solid foundation in spreadsheet engineering can the business analyst effec tively generate real insights from spreadsheet models (Baker Powell, p.8).ReferencesBaker, Kenneth R. Powell, Stephen G. (2010-10-08). Management Science The Art of Modeling withSpreadsheets, 3rd Edition. John Wiley Sons, Inc. Kindle Edition.Garger, John. The Advantages of Upgrading Your Business Software. Bright Hub. Nov 8th, 2010. Accessed Dec. 12th, 2012. http//www.brighthub.com/computing/hardware/articles/43180.aspxGraves, Sherry. The enormousness Of Excel In The Workplace. SparkNET. Sept. 10, 2007. Accessed on Dec.12th, 2012. http//ezinearticles.com/?The-Importance-Of-Excel-In-The-Workplaceid=724646

Katzenbach and Smith Essay Example for Free

Katzenbach and Smith EssayIntroductionFor this essay I pass on be explaining what I business leader do to encourage police squad up accomplishment by using Katzenbach and Smiths Article as a scaled directive/guideline. The discipline of teams has been utile to show how to encourage team cognitive operation and this I will explain I will explain in the first part of this essay.Main dead bodyAccording to Katzenbach and Smith, there is an importance to distinguish among Teams and Groups. Why? Because it is believed that Teams are different from Groups because they use collective working whereas Groups are ground around respective(prenominal) performance. 8 things that Katzenbach and Smith said about how to encourage Teamwork areEstablish urgency, demanding performance standards, and direction. Katzenbach and Smith All team members need to believe the team has urgent and worthwhile purposes, and want to know what the expectations are.I can use this to encourage team perfor mance by setting standards, rules and directions so the team will know their purpose and what goals they are aiming for.Select members for skill and skill potential, not personality. Katzenbach and Smith No team succeeds without the skills needed to meet its purpose and performance goals. Yet most teams figure out the skills they will need after they are formed.You can choose the people to be team leaders, purely based on their skills. This people will need to have good skills most especially the Leadership skills and Motivational Skills in order to take charge of the team in absence of the manager.Set some clear rules of doings. Katzenbach and Smith All effective teams develop rules of conduct at the outset to help them get through their purpose and performance goals.To encourage team performance I would provoke current I have the teams attention with no distractions from ph iodins etc., make sure everyone gets a clear chance to speak with no interruptions and constructive co nfrontation, agree that the only things to leave the room is what is agreed on, always make sure that everyone has an analytic approach while doing research and last of all make sure everyone gets assignments to themselves and make sure they are done.Challenge the group regularly with impertinent facts and information. Katzenbach and Smith New information causes a team to redefine and enrich its understanding of the performance challenge, thereby helping the shape a familiar purpose, set clearer goals and improve its common approach.I can use this to encourage teamwork by always making sure that everyone on the team does research to mind defects in the way the team works, and then have sessions where we discuss how this defects can be sorted out.Spend lots of time together. Katzenbach and Smith Common backbone tells us that team members must spend a lot of time together, scheduled and unscheduled, especially in the beginning.This can be used to encourage teamwork as it will cr eate creative insights and personal bonds between the team members as they will slowly star to develop a work relationship between each other.Exploit the positive feedback, recognition, and reward. Katzenbach and Smith Positive reinforcement works as well in a team context as elsewhere.This will help encourage team performance as it allows people in the team to get a sense that yes they are world shown gratitude for all the big(p) theyve show. One other way you can encourage team work it to use Emotional Intelligence (Goleman) this is needed to improve a team as it brings concepts of love and spirituality bringing compassion and humanity to work and Multiple Intelligence theory which illustrates and measures capabilities people possess, and also help show that everybody has a repute in the team.But Teams may also have many stakes attached and in this part of essay I will be analysing these risks.For example complaisance, this is the action of always acting in accordance to prev ailing social standards, attitude, and practices etc.An example of this type of behaviour can be seen in Solomon Aschs Studies in Conformity in one of Aschs experiment which was design to show how perfect normal human beings can be pressured into unusual behaviour by authority figures, or by the consensus of opinion around them. The experiment was.Eight subjects were seated round a table to prevent suspicion. Only one participant was actually a genuine subject while the others were just actors to give already selected responses.The experiment was each participant was in turn asked to resultant a series of question, such as which line was the longest or which matched the reference line. The results came out as over one third of the subjects also balmy an incorrect option.Aschs experiment gives us a slight insight into how conformity affects a team. Another risk team work is Groupthink. Groupthink is when groups of people in a team harmonise in a decision making group override a re alistic alternative as it differs from their groups alternative.An example of group think can be seen Group Decision Fiascos Continue Space Shuttle Challenger and Revised Groupthink Framework. The explosion of the situation shuttle Challenger is the worst disaster in space flight history and it crippled the American space programme. The NASA managers knew about the faults if they launched the space craft, but disdain a huge amount of warnings from their engineers about the dangers if launching posed by the low temperatures that morning. The NASA managers also failed to adequately repost the problems to their superiors and this was what actually caused the catastrophic disaster.And this is why groupthink is a risk of Teamwork. As people can be shut out and made to look as it they didnt know what they were talking about or being made to look as if they were outcasts.ConclusionBut all in all we have to give credit to Katzenbach and Smith for their work in finding ways in improving t eam work as they have given us a great insight in to improving performance in a team by setting showing how and what it takes to make a team function properly. But as highlighted teams can be unfit as they can cause conformity, and sticky situations like groupthink which cause comprise lives and not on lives, in a business environment it could cost sales to drop etc. Teamwork has lots of risks but if team work is carried out properly then it is most like nothing will go wrong for the people in the team.

The Social And Legal Factors Economics Essay

The affectionate And Legal Factors Economics EssayBarratt Development plc, a national house detergent builder in the UK construction industry, listed in the FTSE 250, is the second largest house builder in the UK by revenue and by market size (LSE 2010). Like its two biggest competitors, Taylor Wimpey plc and persimmon tree plc, it has within the travel two years been badly affected by the recession which hit the UK economy in 2008. Before then the company, which was founded in 1958 in Newcastle upon Tyne, had enjoyed relative boom in the UK house building sector, culminating in the acquisition of Wilson Bowden plc in 2007. This acquisition enabled the company to effectively expand its commercial property training arm. As at present, Barratt Developments is represented in all house sectors in the UK, with Barratt Homes in the residential housing market, David Wilson Homes in the up-scale housing market, Ward Homes (a regional grass operating in Kent and south-east), and Wilson B owden Developments in the social housing and commercial property development market. The onset of the recession has however presented unprecedented challenges to Barratts operations, causing it to have to conceive strategies and policies in a bid to reduce mounting debts and cope with falling house prices and a drop in sales due to falling contend for new homes.Business-related events policy-making FactorsPolitical, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors in the UK have in the past determined strategies adopted by Barratt Developments plc and will continue to do so. Political decisions determine economic and regulatory policies which have to consider in formulating strategy. For example, the governments Home Owners Mortgage Support Policy Scheme assists home owners who have met certain criteria and argon unable to meet their mortgage commitments to pay off their mortgages by providing up to 80% of total interest guaranteed (Communities and Local governmen t activity 2010). This policy will in some way determine part of Barratts strategy because the to a greater extent people who fire afford mortgages, the more houses developers like Barratt will sell.Social and Legal FactorsSocial and legal factors also affect the strategies Barratt adopts because change in patterns of living may dictate what type of houses become more in demand, (for example, family style houses as irrelevant to flats or vice versa), while changing laws and regulations also have to be satisfied in the course of carrying out their core business activity.Economic FactorsThe briny focus here however is on the prevalent economic factors and how Barratt responds in term of strategy. Lets look into the GDP and unemployment rate, the GDP has been fall even seriously compared to the front recessions, most sectors of the economy are still struggling with the effects of the down-turn. The result, coupled with high unemployment rates, is that people have less money to spend , and tend to spend their curb resources on essential commodities. This invariably means that the high end market where Barratt is represented by the David Wilson brand may suffer. However, the government has made efforts to ensure that more credit is available for people through the banks by issuing bailout funds. These measures may yet still be in fitted, as depicted in a novel Financial Times Online article, where Barratt called for banks to increase lending and review current stringent mortgage criteria (FT 2010). These developments also means that Barratt may have to sell its considerable contain of built houses at prices far wretcheder than were originally estimated, in order to raise cash and improve liquidity.Porters 5 ForcesBuyer PowerDepends on case-by-case buyers. Barratt sells to individuals and groups and the government.Individual customers have less bargaining power, while groups and government have more bargaining power.Supplier PowerMany suppliers and therefore high competition, some(prenominal) alternative materials are available. Suppliers depend on the major house building firms like Barratt for repeat work and are likely to agree price discounts. nemesis of substitute productionsMost products in the market are known already. Barratt is at the forefront of developing new products, so the threat of new products is relatively low for now.Barratts competitorsTaylor Wimpey Largest sales revenue, market size of 130,000Persimmon Group 3rd largest sales revenue, market size of 12,000Berkeley Group 4th largest sales revenue, market size of 6,000 nemesis of new entrants to the marketBarriers to entry High capital requirement, land acquisition expertise, economies of scale, depresses property market.SWOT AnalysisStrengths (internal positive factors)These will include Barratts diverse product portfolio which allows it to switch products with demand.The board of Barratt consists of five executive and five non-executive members from diverse.Barrat ts leading role in innovative house building technology is an advantage.Weaknesses (internal negative factors)Lack of adequate finance and debt is a continual setback to the survival of the company.Timing of merger with the Wilson Bowden brand has affected Barratt negatively in terms of finance within the last few years.Unsold stock of houses is still a problem as it ties up much needed cash.Opportunities (external positive factors)Advancement in technology and emphasis on sustainability means that Barratt can take advantage of its innovativeness to gain competitive advantage.The underdeveloped nature of the specialized retirement home market means that Barratt can expand to that market.The economic forecasts show that the recession has technically come to an end. Barratt can position itself to take advantage of the recovering economy when it fully sets in.Threats (external negative factors)Government plans to cut spending in future could hamper Barratts ability to reach full recov ery.While is still tries to return to profitability, some of Barratts competitors are already profitable. This could coif challenges to Barratts progress.Consumer confidence in the market may not return to pre-recession levels long after the recession reverses.

Preventing tourism-related crimes: Strategies

Preventing tourism-related disgusts St treadgiesGAUGE TO PREVENT TOURISM-RELATED CRIMESPROPONENTSARINGO, MICHAEL CHRISTOPHERGUIANAN, AUBREYMANZANILLA, NICKORABANO, JAYE CLARENCESABAO, JASPERADVISERJIDDEH N. SELDA, MBAIntroductionGrowth in tourism has led to increase opportunities and incidences of crimes. These crimes happened for several reasons. First, tourists atomic number 18 lucrative tar passs since they typic aloney carry large sums of m matchlessy and other valuables. Second, tourists ar vulnerable because they are more likely to be relaxed and some eras careless while on vacation. Finally, tourists are often less likely to report crimes to testify against suspects, wishing to avoid problems or a return trip.Crimes are made by people who motivate themselves to create bad intensions. In order for the researchers to purposely maintain tourism in the country and to promote the magnificence of the Filipinos, one moldiness consider the security and safety of the tourist destin ation. Tourists must be aware of crimes. Crimes may happen in a bus, subways, hallways, airports, terminals, trains or tricycles. One common crimes in Albay is snatching.The piece of work clarifies the different terminologies use Gauge is an instrument or device for measuring the magnitude, amount, or contents of something, typically with a visual display of such(prenominal)(prenominal) information1 Prevent means to stop (someone or something) not to do something or to stop (someone or something) from doing something2 Tourism is the commercial organisation and operation of vacations and visits to place of interest and3 Crimes is an action or omission that constitutes an offense that may be persecuted by the state and is punishable by law.4 narrative of the ProblemThis study aims to roll in the hay the gauge in preventing tourism-related crimes in Albay and it specifically answer the following questionsWhat are the tourism-related crimes in the Second District of Albay from 2012-2 013?What particular areas are the common targets of tourism-related crimes in Albay?What are the ways to prevent tourism-related crimes in Albay?Scope and Del fauxThe study focused on the gauge to prevent tourism-related crimes in Albay. The study focused on the selected municipalities and cities in the 2nd district of Albay, namely Legazpi City, Daraga, Camalig and Rapu-Rapu.The study is concerned with the conflicts and problems as experienced by the municipalities and cities in Albay.Signifi raftce of the studyPhilippine national police This study testamenting serve as the basis of the number of crimes in the year 2012-12013. To maintain the peace and order.Community The community, s recurrenceholder, professionals, and the parents will square off this study relevant in utilization of innovative measures along the crimes.Future researchers The findings of this study will be useful to the future researchers who conduct studies on the express innovations. The study in any ca se will serve as basis for future studies on innovation not in this study. Likewise, the findings give notice enrich the studies of researchers.Students- This study will help the students so that they know what are the dangerous areas in the 2nd district of Albay. And to east to enable them to prevent crimes.Media- This study will help the reporters to know some of the crimes that happen in each area. And it will also help them to their research problems.Tourist- This study will help for them to know what place they should not go. And also to know what kind of crimes often do to tourist.Present researchers-IntroductionThe tourism patience in Albay is one of the leading economic contri aloneors in the countrys Its help our country to be one of the successful tourism industry in the world but one of the reason why our tourism industry was decreasing because of the crimes that happening in our authentic place or destination, for example like a kidnaping, snatching, holdapping, hing e upon tourism and etc. Its happened in our dearest and successful country in the industry of tourism. And that is the disadvantage in our certain place or destination. We need to prevent or stop tourism crime so that the the tourist that came in our country or province will not be afraid to come and visit our destination. If the tourism crime descend in our place it will one of the key to become successful contributors in our country. Despite of the economic distribution and contribution and opportunities that growth the potentials of tourism has been and salvage threatened by many factors such as poverty, crimes, killing people and unemployment. Albay is one of the beautiful landscape and natural attraction that you will see, but crimes is one of the threatened reasons that affect our province.As for now the tourism crimes in our province is low crime rate but to prevent it the community people in our province will cooperate to prevent tourism crimes, be aware to the people who does who are doing crimes like to do in our tourist. To decrease the crime rate all of the people in the community will help each other in stopping crimes like protect our tourist stop the snatching, kidnapping, sex tourism, poverty, etc, so the tourist will not take negative impact in our certain destination. Our topic is one of the interesting study that our province will surely recognize our study in gauge to prevent tourism-crimes in Albay.Vehicular- caused by or resulting from the operation of a vehicle, relating for designed for vehicles.By Merriam-webster dictionary adult male made crimes or human made crimes- human-made hazards digest result in the form of a human-made disaster. In this case, anthropogenic means threats having an element of human intent, negligence, or error or involving a failure of a human-made system. This is as opposed to natural hazards that cause natural disasters. Either can result in long losses of life and property as well as damage to peoples me ntal, bodily and genial well-beingBy WikipediaHold-up- is the crime of taking or try outing to take something of value by force or threat of force or by putting the victim in fear. At common law, robbery is delineate as taking the property of another, with the intent to permanently deprive the person of that property, by means of force or fear.ByWikipediaKidnap- is the taking away or transportation of a person against that persons will, usually to hold the person in false imprisonment, a confinement without legal authority. This may be done for save or in furtherance of another crime, or in connection with a claw custody disputeBy WikipediaCyber sex- Cybersex, also called computer sex, net profit sex, netsex, mudsex, TinySex and, colloquially, cybering or conversex is a virtual sex encounter in which two or more people connected remotely via computer network calculate each other sexually explicit messages describing a sexual experienceByWikipediaScam- A confidence trick (syn onyms include confidence scheme, scam and stratagem) is an attempt to defraud a person or group after first gaining their confidence, in the classical sense of trust. A confidence artist, con-man (or con artist) is an individual, operating whole or in concert with others, who exploits characteristics of the human psyche such as dishonesty, honesty, vanity, compassion, credulity, irresponsibility, navet, or greed.By wikipidiaThief- is the taking of another persons property without that persons permission or consent with the intent to deprive the rightful owner of it.1 The word is also used as an informal shorthand term for some crimes against property, such as burglary, embezzlement, larceny, looting, robbery, shoplifting, library theft, and fraud.By wikipediaChild Observation Study Personality Development analysisChild Observation Study Personality Development AnalysisIvan MitskoObservationMiddle childhood is a while when children improve their motor and social skills and become more independent. During this period children experience steady and uniform physical development, they become taller, and gain more weight in faster rates compared to adults. In addition to physical changes children begin to develop their cognitive development and example values. Due to advanced technology children watch a lot of inappropriate movies and play violent games and it is essential for caregivers to help their children develop proper demeanour and self-identity.For this task I decided to observe my neighbors child who is currently seven years old. His name was David and when I observed him with other kids engaging in different games I could notice his level of performance of fine and gross skills. For instance, when we played soccer I could see that child can develop a good amount of force in order to kick the ball. However, his accuracy was a little bit off from expected pattern. On the other hand, he could easily improve his performance after he practiced the skill. This observation reminded me about the theory that children are fast markers and by practicing certain skill they go through to compete with others which is a useful knowledge in real word. ( compet. Judge)After observing David I cognize that his interest in being active had an make up ones mind from his parents. I know George and Marta for over eight years and I can say that they are very outgoing people. They spend a lot of time outside participating in such activities as jogging, hiking, or biking. I believe that its a very good approach to educate children of all of the benefits of physical activity.Unfortunately, many children in this generation have sedentary lifestyle. As most(prenominal) of us already know the rapid technological growth powerfulness have some negative impact on many kids. For example, many children prefer to spend more time watching TV, or playing television receiver games rather than being engaged in physical activity with peers. Due to this behavi or children could develop psychological and physiological abnormalities when they grow up such as depression or obesity ( Bryant). However, in my case, David was very dynamic child and I decided to make most of my observation while he participates in sport activities with other kids.When the first time I observed David in the school gym I immediately noticed that he is very social person. All the interaction between other kids is a very great stage of cognitive development. During this time children learn leadership skills, regulate their emotions, develop self-efficacy, and learn to communicate, and handle different types of conflicts (lecture 11). This psychological aspect was very well described by Albert Bandura and his social learning theory. The concept of social learning theory shows how the child adapts to modern world as he learns the habits and norms of modern society. In other words, besides classical and operant conditioning children can learn though imitation or emulat ion ( cherry).According to Bandura, the social learning theory is a modeling which includes five conditions attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation. One of the main reasons of Daviss active lifestyle can be described by attention. In order to learn something, a person must pay attention to a model that appeals him ( chery). George and Marta had a patriarchal influence on Davids behavior because they showed that engaging in physical activity is fun and it has many health benefits.The other interesting psychological behavior I observed was self-regulation. During the game both teams had disagreements and some of the kids started arguing. I paid a very close attention to Davids behavior and noticed that he tried to suppress his feelings in order to avoid a conflict. He was very quiet at the beginning but then decided to cover up and solve the problem. Fortunately, both teams end up replaying a game which shows that self-regulation can help avoid violent behavior. According to Steven Stosny, behaviorally, self-regulation is the ability to act in your long-term best interest, consistent with your deepest values and the violation of these values causes guilt, shame, and anxiety, which undermine well-being. ( stosny)During this period of life David already developed complex emotions such as guilt, shame, or embarrassment. According to research, children have these complex emotions due to self-awareness that depends on parental reaction. In my opinion, one of the main reasons David didnt get aggressive during argument is his self-awareness that parents will get upset and he will experience negative emotions such as guilt or shame (emotional development,santrock 350-351). On the other hand, I can mobilize of Albert Banduras social learning theory and motivation. Davids parents thought him that physical aggression should be always avoided in order develop social perceptual constancy and control over own emotions. I believe his motivation to avoid punishm ent helped him to suppress his feelings and gain control over negative emotions.In most cases childrens behavior depends on parenting style. During my observation I noticed that George and Marta practiced authoritative style. However, there can be some exceptions but I realized that in most cases they respect and encourage self-expression. Any time they have disagreements or any conflicts with David they always try to discus the problem and establish certain rules in order to prevent misbehavior. For instance, when David received 0 score for his English homework his parents were very mad. Nonetheless, they didnt use any power assertion but decided to use inductive techniques which help the child to understand his misbehavior. During that time I was in another room and I could hear the conversation about all of the negative consequences that might affect David if he is not going to prepare for his homework on time. As the result, George and Marta decided to use negative punishment an d take away his x-box for the whole week.The middle childhood is a stage of life when children begin to develop cognitive and emotional schemas. During this specific period of time they begin to understand and perceive moral values and reality however, development of these values will have an effect on how well the child can succeed in society. During my observation I could clearly see how Davids parents helped him adapt social emotional learning. His friendly interaction with siblings, emotional regulation, and self-awareness are the special indicators of his future succession. The last and the most important things I learned from this project is that caregivers are the primary people who responsible for childs behavior. There can be many parenting styles and its hard to tell which one is better but teaching a child moral values and self-regulation is the most important goal in cognitive development.https//www.competitivedge.com/parentscoaches-guides-13-steps-being-winning-parenth ttp//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17444962http//psychology.about.com/od/developmentalpsychology/a/sociallearning.htmhttps//www.psychologytoday.com/blog/anger-in-the-age-entitlement/201110/self-regulation

The Effects Of Music Videos On Children Young People Essay

The Effects Of Music Videos On Children Young People EssayMusic wakes up in our minds in the good morning to the story of making us want to dance and probably soothing us when we have sand smellingings. From our infanthood through teenage to adulthood, music becomes our built-in part in our whole life. At teenage, music helps define the functionistics of an individual. Pediatricians have tried to specialize in adolescent medicine and also consider the actor of music and how it affects their identity. The impact on the individuals cultural and social boundaries is highly attributed to the long average hours of listening to music.Despite the fact that there is extensive variety of genres of music, adults and shaverren disaccord on how they select the content to listen to. With the ability to discern what is right and what is wrong, adults may non be highly affected by the current demeanor or social ills. Children on the some other pass off ar much prone to the attractiv e violent category of music the music contains plots that draw adolescents and other minority. During the development stages in adolescent, kidren try to discover their own Hero and role models. This means that the environs in which these electric razorren spend and grow will give them the character they want as own hero. At this time, the most inspiring issue to the child is to get what she or he wants. Assuming that the child has personal problems o challenges that he or she wants to defeat, it would be easier to prefer violent characters on TV and then adopt their way of doing things. nigh of the hip hop music for font contains violent engagements, use of drugs, sexual situations as well as sexual violence. The child would then develop with the notion that he or she must be violent or arrogant to survive in life. Heavy metal music has extreme alienating effects on developing children which includes psychiatric disorders, union abuse, sex-role stereotyping and suicide risk. If a child displays violent acts against other children, the parent or the teacher has to pay close attention the music being listened to by children (Kathy John).Most music tvs may show half naked women which affect the mental health of a child. Due to the societal behavioral classification, this mode of dressing is not acceptable in public. Therefore children experience severe mental strain in deciding what to accept as a norm or evil. Depending on the exposure the child experiences, the child do-nothing develop in favor of the environment. A child can grow in a calm environment which may crusade the wellbeing of the child. Calm videos can help the child admire to have the future he or she sees on the TV or much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) media. These groups of children prefer to stay in peaceful environment and mostly tend to be obedient and accepted in the society.On the other hand violent videos tend to portray that the world is much violent than the way it is. T his makes children believe that their home is the only exemption that is safe. Children get deceived that their families must align with the society. Children do not have great exposure to the outer society due to their parental care. This leaves the children to understand the community to be home and TV or digital media. This means that if the parents do not stay at home for long hours, the child may end up adopting the media culture other than the home culture. The child advances in being violent and aggressive through the adolescent to early adulthood. The cognitive scripts developed by children are developed through imitating media heroes. Most of these are adopted from violent music videos and shows. As teenagers and children watch these violent acts, they are able to internalize these scripts and become effective in influencing the life of the individual (Mhhe.com). elbow room is one of the areas that teenagers and children want to feel like they rule. They always want to out do others, either among themselves or when alone. Celebrities adopt specific fashion for different tracks and videos this leaves the child in a much defenceless and delicate situation of selecting the style they want. These fashion problems may become an issue to the family since they may not be acceptable to the parents and the frequent public. The tense can lead to family problems where parents engage in physical confrontation with the child. Children on the other hand are not in a dumbfound to argue with the situation in which case they may be drawn away from their family. Areas in which fashion affects girl child includes scanty dressing, improper make up usage and use of drugs to change their body contour to look attractive. Boys may not experience extensive effects since the society does not range what is morally incorrect for the boy child. The problem however may be pronounced in a Christian family setting. This means that children can negatively be affected by such fash ion (Media Awareness Network).The other problem area that music videos affect children during development is the misuse and use of inebriant in children. Video show explicit situations where young people are using alcohol and drugs. The child thinks that such use of drugs and alcohol would make the known and consider in the society. Since the video may not be only one that show such behaviors, the child tend to think that use of drugs or alcohol does not have any consequences after all. Although they may see warning signs on billboards highlighting the negative effects of using drugs and alcohol in young age, they do not get convinced as they get while watching a video. Such a child faces the wrath of using such drugs and alcohol to a point of addiction. The problem with such addiction is that they would require the individual to get medical attention and rehabilitation to recover and have a normal life again. Before the child or a parent discovers this problem, the child would ha ve wasted a lot of precious time that could be used to develop talents and discover his or her mission in life. As earlier said, children may not be in a position to fancy their role model with a conscious mind the prominent environment chooses for them (Media Awareness Network).Language is the other aspect of a child that is affected by these videos. A child would always want to develop his or her commanding ability especially among peers or to use when asking something from the parent. The process of developing such that he or she can command respect naturally can get interfered with through audio and visual media. When the child sees someone on video eliciting vulgar words to others and gets what he needs done, and then the child will find it easier and efficient. The fact that such language is common in hard music which happens to be wide spread, the child assumes that such language is allowed in the society. The child ends up adopting the vulgar language for use in the communi ty. Such children get discriminated in a society that values respectful individuals (Media Awareness Network).Fear is the other effect the music videos can have on the children. Children always want to feel safe and secure it may not be the case when they discover that the world is not as they take it. Guns and deaths seem exaggerated on videos such that the child feels that anyone can be killed anytime and the criminal goes scot-free. The child may develop fear that this may happen to him or her or even to one of the family members. This can result to negative development of such children. With advancement in video production technology, video animation has become much easier. Some videos contain pictures exhibit situations where human being are being traumatized by unknown creatures, such video can be a fear factor to a child who has not developed enough to understand that such images are human creations and fiction. Such videos that scare children can trigger suicidal or homicida l feelings in a child.Music videos show explicit motion pictures that promote sex in the society. It is clear that such pictures would be of much interest to children who have not yet tried to indulge in sex itself. They act as the base upon which they learn how sex takes place. The sexual consciousness of a child may be aroused through such videos. Children can then try among themselves what they observed happen. In the process of trying, careless adults may become attracted to such minors. This opens to the child many challenges in life including sexually transmitted infections or even AIDS. Such sexual experiences are hard for children to contain and control, making them much vulnerable to rapists and child sex (Aubrey Jennifer).In conclusion, music videos have highly affected the structure of our society due to the effectiveness audio visual media. The power of such media has numerous advantages that have benefited the society, but this does not happen without a variety of back draws. Through the same visual technology, our society has degraded to a point of snatching childrens mind children cannot live any more without videos. Media has become much accessible to children and teens through internet. It is however the responsibility of the guardian to create conducive environment for the child to grow. This can be achieved through use of internet filter tools to lockout in purloin media from streaming. The parent can also subscribe for family programs that have their content checked for familiar audience. It might be hard or the parent to control what the child watches when alone therefore, it is also the responsibility of the parent to advise his or her children on what is appropriate and what is not.Work citedAubrey Jennifer. The impact of sexually objectifying media exposure on negative body motionsand sexual self perceptions investigating the mediating role of body self consciousness 2007. whitethorn 3, 2010 Kathy Dix John Harris. Violence in Music Ma y 3, 2010Media Awareness Network. Inappropriate content in music negative effects May 3, 2010Mhhe.com Does media violence promote violent behavior in young people? July 2001. May 3,2010 http//www.mhhe.com/socscience/english/allwrite3/seyler/ssite/seyler/ se04/promote.pdfMurray Jeannette. The Negative Effect of Music Videos, July 29, 2006. May 3, 2010

Great Exhibition Building in Dublin Essay -- Architecture History

capital of Ireland 1853 Main HallThis image is a beautiful color lithograph, measuring 25 by 35 inches, which features the principal(prenominal) hall of the Great Exhibition Building in Dublin in great detail. The hall was 425 feet in length by 100 in width, and cv in height. In the back there is a large organ. Displayed high on the walls be flags from different countries.The building is best described by The Illustrated Dublin Exhibition Catalogue, which says Presenting a front to Merrion-squ are of 300 feet, the main or centre feature of elevation consists of a semicircular projection, which forms the Eastern termination of the Central Hall. This in a noble apartment of 425 feet in length, and 100 feet in height, covered by a semicircular roof trellis robs, in one baffle of 100 feet. On each side of the Centre upon trellis ribs, in one span of 100 feet. On each side of the Centre Hall, and rail parallel to it for the same length, are two halls 50 feet wide, with domed roofs, similar to that which covers the main nave or hall of the building. The Height from the floor to the roof of each of these halls is 65 feet. They are approached through passages from the Centre Hall. In addition to these three halls are four compartments of 25 feet wide, running the whole length of the building two are placed between the Centre Hall and the side halls, and two on each side of the latter divided into sections of 25 feet square, forming convenient divisions for the purposes of classification. Over these compartments are spacious galleries, also running the length of the building, which not only afford increased space for exhibition, but form an agreeable promenade from whence the government issue of the three halls may be seen to greater advantage. To the south ... ...or, which made its splendid halls themselves, examples of an incentives to something higher and grander in design than had before been attained (Sproule). The Building itself was perhaps the around s uccessful novelty exhibited, both in Art and Manufacture (Sproule).No information on the fate of the Great Exhibition Building, other than it no lifelong stands and no attempt was made to rebuild the structure with more permanent materials.Works CitedFindling, John E., editor, Historical Dictionary of Worlds Fairs and Expositions, 1851-1988. New York Greenwood Press, 1990. p. 10-11Ingram, J.S., The Centennial Exposition expound and Illustrated. St. Louis Hubbard Bros., 1876. p. 31-33The Illustrated Dublin Exhibition Catalogue. London Virtue, 1853. p. v Sproule, John. Irish Industrial Exhibition 1853. London William S. Orr & Co., 1854. p. 27-41.

The Power of Community Service :: Community Service Essays

We make a living by what we get, but we make a spiritedness by what we give.- Winston ChurchillIf you knew what I know nigh the power of giving, you would not permit a single meal pass without sharing it in some way.- BuddhaIn 2014, I traveled to stark naked siege of Orleans for a National early days Gathering. Some 30,000 students and advisers donned orange t-shirts and fanned out across the city to serve. Our group was assigned the task of clearing roadsides and medians. We spent the day picking up throw away and removing cat claw, an invasive and difficult weed. It was the kind of work most of us took for granted be causation it was something we would do at home. I commend being shocked at the number of spate who stopped, rolled down their car windows, and said thank you. Regular yard work that seemed so insignificant to us made a big difference to them. We all had something to contribute and in turn were transformed by the experience we gave our labor and the peop le of New Orleans showed us unspeakable hospitality. For me this reciprocal effect is the most transformational of community run. The much I give and serve, the more I find my life enriched by sharing with others.Community function is part of my life, something ordinary rather than extraordinary, part of lifes journey rather than a goal, destination or soaring school graduation requirement. As long as I can remember service to others was modeled and encouraged by my family and teachers. To say how I hit been transformed in past tense paints an incomplete picture because I am still learning and growing, both being shaped by the transit of service and shaping the summons by which I serve. This much I can say with certainty we all have something to give, and a life of service expands ones gentlemans gentleman exponentially and unexpectedly.It is easy to feel too small to make a difference as only one of more than seven billion people on this planet. Even the smallest can dle is capable of giving light, and when myriad tiny candles burn together a room, a life or a cause can turn into a conflagration of hope and change. The simplest action can initiate a ripple effect that spreads rough the world. What I can neer hope to do alone may be possible with the shared efforts of others.The Power of Community function Community Service EssaysWe make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.- Winston ChurchillIf you knew what I know about the power of giving, you would not let a single meal pass without sharing it in some way.- BuddhaIn 2014, I traveled to New Orleans for a National Youth Gathering. Some 30,000 students and advisers donned orange t-shirts and fanned out across the city to serve. Our group was assigned the task of clearing roadsides and medians. We spent the day picking up trash and removing cat claw, an invasive and difficult weed. It was the kind of work most of us took for granted because it was something we wo uld do at home. I remember being shocked at the number of people who stopped, rolled down their car windows, and said thank you. Regular yard work that seemed so insignificant to us made a big difference to them. We all had something to contribute and in turn were transformed by the experience we gave our labor and the people of New Orleans showed us amazing hospitality. For me this reciprocal effect is the most transformational of community service. The more I give and serve, the more I find my life enriched by sharing with others.Community service is part of my life, something ordinary rather than extraordinary, part of lifes journey rather than a goal, destination or high school graduation requirement. As long as I can remember service to others was modeled and encouraged by my family and teachers. To say how I have been transformed in past tense paints an incomplete picture because I am still learning and growing, both being shaped by the process of service and shaping the process by which I serve. This much I can say with certainty we all have something to give, and a life of service expands ones world exponentially and unexpectedly.It is easy to feel too small to make a difference as only one of more than seven billion people on this planet. Even the smallest candle is capable of giving light, and when myriad tiny candles burn together a room, a life or a cause can turn into a conflagration of hope and change. The simplest action can initiate a ripple effect that spreads around the world. What I can never hope to do alone may be possible with the shared efforts of others.