Question 1&2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Question 1&2 - Assignment ExampleIn this case, covert is not viewed as being alone or away from others but is based on matters such as trespass to a someones personal berth.The contravention of the law of slander and libel demands that remedy be attained through treatment of a persons feelings which tends to substitute with the right of privacy. Absolute protection of the right to privacy may limit the ability of an individual to access other rights which are closely tied. The right to property may not be fully achieved if an individual wants to maintain their right to privacy as the property may be located in a place near other people.c) Protection against libel and slander is not sufficient in the protection of privacy beca procedure its remedy only involves the treatment of simple wounded feelings instead of addressing the actual issues that the led to the breach of privacy. Breach of implied contract is insufficient in the protection of privacy in the sense that it does not leave behind for free interaction between the offender and the person being offended. Hence it limits the exercise of right of privacy. Loss of property leads to loss of privacy in the pursuit for a lost property or remedy to the loss.a) Soft surveillance uses non harmful means of carrying out investigations in crime scene investigations such as DNA tests from samples taken from body fluids such as the saliva. It involves the application f modern forensic laboratory equipment in the investigation. On the other hand panopticon applies the use of technical forms of investigation that may include deep examination of the body parts of the victims at a crime scene. It may include physical frustrate of suspects so that they can reveal some information.The collection of information for search is unseen due to the automated systems. The process does not infringe on the privacy of individuals as one is not

The Physiology of the Nervous System Research Paper

The Physiology of the Nervous System - Research Paper ExampleThe central nervous frame is divided into cardinal sections the central nervous trunk and the fringy nervous system. The central nervous system is composed of the Brain and the spinal cord. This system controls behavior of a person. All body sensations are transmitted to the central nervous system in order to be interpreted and acted upon (Chiras 34). All nerve impulses that stimulate muscles to contract and the glands to secret substances get all(prenominal) their book of instructions or messages from the central nervous system. The peripheral nervous system on the other hand is composed of a network of nerves. This is the systems pathway to the brain for all the five senses and helps human beings I adjusting to the world around them (Givens and Reiss 55).The brain is the central electronic organ of the nervous system in all vertebrates. It is a complex organ whose functioning is essential to the survival of any an imal. It consists of four main parts the cerebrum, the cerebellum, the brain stem and the diencephalon or the forebrain stem. The brain is composed of two matters, the gray matter which the active part of the brain that receives and stores impulses and the white matter that carries impulses from and to the gray matter. The cerebrum is divided into two hemispheres each with four lobes namely frontal lobe, worldly lobe, parietal lobe and occipital lobe (Glees 42). These are responsible for various functions such as hearing vision, speech, judgment etc. The cerebellum is responsible for maintaining equilibrium, receipt of relayed tactile, auditory and visual stimulus and fine motor coordination. The mid brain provides conduction pathways and provides a vegetable marrow for righting, postural and audio visual reflexes. The brain stem besides called Medulla oblongata is the center for regulation of vital centers that include respiration, heartbeat and basomotor activators. The dience phalon consists of the thalamus responsible for arousal and conscious recognition of crude sensations such as temperature and pain and the hypothalamus responsible for many another(prenominal) functions such as monitoring chemical composition of blood, control of hormone secretion, control of sleep and appetite (Glees 45). The spinal cord is a cylindrical expression that extends from the foramen magnum through the spinal foramina of the vertebral column to the upper portion of the lumber region. It houses both the motor and the sensory nerves. Basically the spinal cord is an lengthiness of the brain that runs down the back protected by the vertebral column. It is surrounded by a fluid called the cerebrospinal fluid to protect the nerve tissues against injury.it is also protected by the meninges, a layer of three membranes, that guard it and the brain from bacteria. It is composed of millions of nerve fibers that transmit information to all body parts (Swan 55). The peripheral nerv ous system is composed of the nerves that connect the central nervous system to other remote parts of the body. It is divided into the cerebrospinal nervous system which consists of cranial nerves that perform different functions ranging from sensing to controlling movements. The autonomic nervous system which regulates actions of secretory activity of glands and the involuntary contraction of smooth muscles in blood vessels, pare down heart etc. it operates without conscious control. It is composed of the sympathetic system and the parasympathetic system. The spinal nerves carry impulses between the spinal cord, skin muscles and other structures. They are 31 in total (Givens and

Theories Concerning Human Development Assignment

Theories Concerning Human Development - Assignment ExampleJim today suffers from Post traumatic Stress Disorder which is mainly caused due to the extreme level of anxiety or exposure to serious psychological trauma. As diagnosed, this could be the possible resultant role of his mental and physical reaction to the World Trade Centre massacre in 2001. Contextually, his age might have been an influencing factor as through the prescriptive stage models it is apparently discussed that young adults tend to decipher more active response towards any kind of trauma being steered with their quench for unique credit in their workplace. Young adults are also observed to possess the high degree of moral values which might have influenced Jims response to the hazard when he was 25 years old. His PTSD syndrome may affect his capability to deal with stress in his future career which shall further limit his meditate opportunities. He might also develop anxiety and frustration in his married life which will again disrupt his physical as puff up as mental health making him stressed and emotionally weaker. These forces shall thus increase emotional vulnerability within Jim making him less confident in his relationship. He might also seek the less stressful job and be reluctant in accepting diversity easily as compared to separate people. He might have to face severe constraints when performing in working areas such as schools where stress level and diversity are perceive to be quite high. Regular interaction with young children might be helpful for him to reduce his psychological vulnerability.

Each of the novels focused on in this class examines the role of power Research Paper

Each of the novels focused on in this class examines the role of causality in relation to the human condition. The characters in the - Research Paper ExamplePower is a very important and significant concept as fountainhead as a very confusing and relative term at the same time. This is because it depends on the kind of strength that a person possesses in a certain situation and specific role. A person, at some(prenominal) unmatchable time is very equivalently to experience different forms of force out such as expert power, referent, reward or coercive power (Flyvbjerg, 2009). There are also several sources to exercise power which include knowledge and expertise, charisma, coercion, persuasion, knowledge, social class, vulturine or manipulative. Power is not necessarily negative. It exists in both forms, positive as well as negative (Noordin Yahaya, 2011). A person who has a towering authority can al vogues use a positive way to exercise power and can also use a negative way t o exercise his powers. Power can be used by using different tactics such as the concept of using soft power and hard power (Galbraith, 1983). Soft power refers to more collaborative slipway of exercising power while hard power uses more harsh ways of displaying ones power in a more manipulative manner. Moreover, power can be used in another(prenominal) ways like rational and ill-considered. Power is a good and a bad thing at the same time. When used in a productive way, that is to alleviate others, to help humanity, to help society leaving apart all the desires that perk up power, it can produce great results. On the other hand if power is used in a negative way that is to get what you desire and that also might be unethical, by hurting people or by using power to take coercive actions can lead into a disaster (Ghandchi, 1998). As clear from their names, rational power means to influence others with logic while irrational power means coercing them to do something without any lo gical explanation or understanding. Another way is to use power in a unilateral or bilateral way. Bilateral use of power involves two way communication and ways of convincing people, negotiating with them, listening to what they have to say and implementing things that findm right. On the other hand, unilateral power involves person making decisions of his choice disregardless of caring about others opinions and considering oneself as absolutely correct not ready to face any kind of criticism. In the three novels that will be under consideration for this analysis The Alienist, The Thin Man, and Snow in August, we will see what they have in common and how they can relate to concept of role of power with respect to human condition. All the three novels being discussed below have some form of power under discussion and each of them refers to a different form of power, how it affected the individual and how it can help achieve ones goals, or how it has negatively affected a person in achieving what he wanted to. To begin with The Alienist, which is a psychological thriller and revolves around a various rhetorical team to help investigate on the issue and find a serial killer. In the context of this topic, what is important here is the fact that the forensic team constituted of a police secretary, a journalist, two detectives and the alienist himself. This means that the power of decision making in human context belonged to these 5 members regardless of what their roles in other contexts of life were. For instance, the journalist has a different position of authority in his job and so does the police secretary. However

Type of business, purpose and ownership Essay Example for Free

Type of chore, purpose and give birthership EssaySainsburysSainsburys is the UKs most presbyopic standing major food retailer, having opened its first shop in 1869. Sainsburys brand is built around providing fresh and tasty food for its customers. It differentiates itself from former(a) supermarkets by offering a broad range of products at a great price, a strong ethical approach to business and continuous leadership. The size of it of Sainsburys consists of 504 supermarkets and 309 convenience stores. A large Sainsburys produces over 30,000 products. Sainsburys is currently in the tertiary and secondary sector, this is because Sainsburys provides services (through banks), sell goods and own their own farm. Their purpose is to exceed customers expectations for fresh and wellnessy food, making their lives easier every day. Sainsburys ownership is the public limited sector because it sells its goods on the stock exchange. Sainsburys severalise stakeholders are Customers They indigence a familiarity to produce products that meet or exceed their needs, they would like to see improvements Employees They want the company to provide them a source of revenue they seek security for employment, promotional opportunities and good rates of reward Suppliers Want stable instructions and punctual payments. They want to be valued by the company they work for. RSPCARSPCA stands for Royal Society of Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The vision of RSPCA is to work in a world that military personnel respect and live in harmony with the natural world. RSPCA first begun in 1824 as society for prevention of cruelty to animals. It total profit is funded by donations and legacies. local anaesthetic inspectors were appointed and people promised to donate 20 pounds towards their inspectors. This has created 172 branches in English and Wales. In addition to the branches, there is one charity run by an animal hope and the other is run by a charitable company. RSPCA is curren tly in the tertiary sector as they provide services for animals that need to have health checks. Their purpose is to provide animals with special needs a loving home. RSPCA is categorised into a charitable trust, this is to raise funds and support them for good causes. RSPCAs key stakeholdersare Employees The employees will be happy to work on a charitable basis and also need to be caring for the animals in need. presidency The government wants RSPCA to be successful, it would like to see prosperous business that take full responsibility in welfare of society Local and National communities The actions of the business has a remarkable outcome on the communities, the communities therefore represent interest groups. SummaryThe main differences between Sainsburys and RSPCA is that Sainsburys sells products like food and enclothe for money and services , while RSPCA provide services that raise money for the services they provide for example they ask people to donate money to athletic supporter animals in need The main similarities are Sainsburys and RSPCA are in the same sector because Sainsburys provide services like banking to people who tin cant come to their shops to buy their shopping. RSPCA provide a service that look after animals and give them medical treatment

Problem Solving & Spreadsheet Modeling Essay Example for Free

Problem Solving Spreadsheet Modeling EssayThis paper talks about the bother re closure power process along with examples, as healthful as one of more comm sole(prenominal) used mildew and analytical techniques, i.e. spreadsheet modeling. It also talks about its dependency, its uses, disadvantages and well as explores centerings to better this very spick-and-span, but powerful technique. Modeling is the process of creating a simplied representation of real life puzzles and representing them in an unionized fashion in order to understand a particular problem. These models can take mevery forms such as mental, visual, numeric or electronic spreadsheets to key out a few. Their uses can be seen in almost every field of our daily lives such as line of contrastes, governments, human reextractions, science and engineering, and medicine etc. Their elemental function is to gain insight into a specific problem and after getting a clear understanding of the topic, one can easi ly fire it from different directions with attainable solutions. This paper discusses this process in detail, pioneering with gaining insight into a specific problem by apply a problem solving model, and then moves on to how it applies to spreadsheet modeling.It also discusses different aspects of electronic spreadsheet engineering, its uses and caveats, as well as its dependency in the business world these days. Before creating any models, visual, mathematical or spreadsheets, one has to beat with the problem solving process. The problem solving process consists of six storeys that can be followed to solve almost any problem. These stages or steps are employed and are repeated multiple terms, not necessarily in the equivalent order, to obtain an competent and refined solution to a particular problem. The first of these stages is exploration of a mess. A mess is a morass of unsettling symptoms, actors, data, pressures, shortfalls, and opportunities (Baker Powell, p.18). O ne of the key issues in solving any problem is to be able to take any given situation and extract key information, problems, issues as well as opportunities from it. A problem never presentsitself in a clear, well-posed statement.It is usually hidden in a scenario, along with a lot of other trivial information and any problem solving should start by understanding a given situation and be able to extract key information from it. During this phase, questions that are explored include listing problems or opportunities that are to be faced, gaps between current and desired situations, and thinking about stated and unstated goals. (Baker Powell, p.21) Baker and Powell use an example of a pharmaceutical company in their book, where majority of that companys revenue is generated from the production and distribution of a single drug, and present a scenario where the patent for that drug heads towards its expiration date in upcoming months. Using this scenario, exploring the mess stage wou ld involve the company officials to perform individual researches and evaluate any threats and affects the expiration of the drug patents would seduce on their revenues as well as taking initial steps to address the upcoming problems (Baker Powell, p.21). Second stage of the problem solving process involves trenchant for information.This includes opinions, raw data, impressions and publish literature etc. and involves casting about widely for any and all information that might shed light on what the problem really is (Baker Powell, p.22). This is fundamentally a brainstorming phase, and usually involves approaching the mess from different directions. In the case of the pharmaceutical company, for example, senior managers would handle this phase by attribute meetings and addressing their discomfort towards the upcoming problem as well as hiring outside consultants to perform company as well as industry research and gathering all the necessary facts involving this problem. This stage is usually complete when relevant information for the situation at hand if found and organized and when initial hypotheses about the source of the problem and potential solutions are discussed. (Baker Powell, p.22) The next phase of the process, known as identifying the problem, starts out in its divergent phase with a few possible problem statements that can be inferred from earlier stages. These problem statements are evaluated and go forths in a final, more detailed, problem statement that may or may not be an aggregation of one or more initial statements.It is imperative that each(prenominal) of the initial problem statements are examined individually and eliminated carefully and the end result is an unambiguous problem statement. Forexample, the pharmaceutical executives may initially come up with two different problem statements, one dealing with somehow extending patent dates and rivet on revitalizing their strategy around the existing drug, while the other group t hinking about how to come introduce other drugs into the market to check the decline in revenues. Another option looks at decreasing costs and expenses overall to cover the losses incurred.From these initial statements, developing a portfolio and introduction of sore drugs seems to win the general consensus. The next phase of searching for possible solutions to the now defined problem statement involves open-ended process searches for good, even radical, solutions. This can only be done however, when a problem statement has already been described. Considering possible solutions to an ambiguous problem is not only inefficient but also weighty as well, since it can lead to solutions that were nowhere close to the original problem and can result in a lot of wasted time and resources.This stage is complete when a list of potential solutions is produced and perhaps a list of advantages and disadvantages for each one (Baker Powell, p.23). In the case of the pharmaceutical example, thi s phase can start out with solutions including speeding up FDA approval process for the new drugs, investing RD resources and funds towards drugs with the highest percentages of approval and focusing on a new portfolio of drugs in the same medical category, and thus providing expertise in one or two specialty areas (Baker Powell, p.23). Next comes the stage of evaluating all possible solutions and deciding on the preferred solution. This is done through evaluating each of the initial solutions against a set of given criteria. This can lead directly to a preferred alternative. More often, this process leads to changes, and improvements, in the solutions themselves. Often, stronger points of multiple solutions are grafter together while less attractive aspects are removed and through this process, a final, preferred solution is refined (Baker Powell, p.24).For example, for the pharmaceutical drug scenario, after evaluating and grafting various solutions, it can be decided that one most critical area for improvement is how RD funds are allocated over time. And finally, the problem solving process concludes with carrying into action the preferred solution. In this phase, a problem-solving team will identify sources of resistance as well as support for their solution. During this stage, erstwhile asolution has been implemented, a final evaluation is done after some time to see if the implementation has been successful or not. This stage concludes when an implementation plan is produced and executed enough so that the team may begin to evaluate how well it is succeeding. For example, the pharmaceutical problem solving team will acquit to get approval and support from the senior management for their solution and when they carry the plan forward, they must monitor its impacts and modify it as needed, and solve a new set of problems as they arise.In order for a solution to be refined, these six steps must sometimes be repeated multiple times, each time creating a new solution to the problems in the previous cycle. It is also worth stating that only rarely are these six stages followed in a grim sequence. Most problem-solving processes move back and forth from one stage to another, perhaps rethinking the problem statement while evaluating solutions, or returning to an information-gathering mode while searching for solutions (Baker Powell, p.25). Now a brief overview of the problem solving process has been outlined, we can discuss one of the more common problem solving and analyzing techniques used in the business world today, i.e. spreadsheet modeling. Baker and Powell explain it in their book that spreadsheet is the second best way to do many kinds of analysis and is in that locationfore the best way to do most modeling (p.4).Basically what this means is that for any singular modeling task, there is always some better, more powerful software in stock(predicate) that can handle that specific task. However, due to the involvedity and cos ts related to such applications and their very narrow scope of problem solving capabilities, it becomes inefficient for most companies and analysts to use separate software for separate models. Therefore, most of the modeling in the business world is done in electronic spreadsheets due to its nature of creation able to handle and process a wide scope of modeling and analytical tasks. There are, however, limitations to electronic spreadsheets due to its broad capabilities but most modeling tasks in many companies can be easily handled through spreadsheet modeling and analytical tools. Despite their limitations, spreadsheets allow modelers to build more detailed and more complex models and also have the advantage of being pervasive in business analysis. On the other hand, however, using electronic spreadsheets is not without its downsides.The business world is muted at an early stage of understanding how to develop error-freespreadsheets. And one of the caveats of using electronic s preadsheets is assuming that they are error free. In fact studies and research have shown that only less than ten percent of spreadsheets in individual studies have been free of any errors (Graves, p.1). These errors may be small and would seem very insignificant, such as improper sorting or entering numbers as text, but in larger companies, the results can be devastating and can cause effects ranging from ineligible candidates becoming police officers to a school losing more than $50,000 in funding due to budget understatements (Baker Powell, p. 6). When using electronic spreadsheets, or any software for that matter, it is also imperative to ensure that the software packages are always up to date. This can range anywhere from applying security updates to upgrading software versions altogether.Upgrading a business software is more than just an economic business decision. It is a matter of security, productivity, lower costs, and employee morale (Garger, p.1). The longer any softwar e has been around, the more vulnerable it gets to malevolent viruses and security breaches. Therefore any software must be updated or upgraded routinely since newer versions would be safer from a security standpoint guarding against vulnerabilities from previous versions. Another rationalness to keep software up to date is from a budget point of view. Usually, older versions of any software are more expensive to maintain than the newer versions (Garger, p.1). And plausibly the most important reason to update any software, and especially spreadsheets, is an increase in productivity. Software companies are continually adding newer features to their applications that increase productivity and are efficient in handling various tasks.More often than not, newer versions usually have larger set of capabilities and tools under their belt and can perform more tasks in lesser time and with more ease (Garger, p.2). Even though electronic spreadsheets are still quite new in the business worl d, their dependency has been increase drastically in the past two decades. About 25 years past, the idea of personal computers was unknown to most and modeling was performed only by specialists using demanding software on expensive hardware. This meant that only the most critical business problems could be analyzed using models, because only these problems justified the large budgets and long time commitments required to build, debug, and apply the models of the day (Graves, p.1). However, since then, the ever evolving technological advancesstarting with personal computers, spreadsheets and now the add-on features for specialized analyses have greatly changed the business world.Nowadays, anyone with a laptop and little background in spreadsheet modeling can easily handle tasks that would have been thought of as quite complex 25 years ago and would have required teams of specialist to perform (Baker Powell, p.5). In fact, these applications have become a staple of end users and bus iness professionals and are widely used by businesses, service agencies, volunteer groups, private sector organizations, scientists, students, educators, trainers, researchers, journalists, accountants and others (Graves, p.2) In conclusion, spreadsheets represent an ever-present platform for businesses and our dependency on them cannot be understated.However, as with any great tool, there are many stipulations. Any tool can be only as useful and powerful as its user. Therefore, in order to use electronic spreadsheets properly, one has to be proficient in their use and must acquire the necessary skill set to create and analyze powerful and effective business models. Knowing the capabilities of any given software as well as its limitations is crucial. And finally, planning a spreadsheet model properly and never assuming that it will be error-free are necessary to create successful business models. Only with a solid foundation in spreadsheet engineering can the business analyst effec tively generate real insights from spreadsheet models (Baker Powell, p.8).ReferencesBaker, Kenneth R. Powell, Stephen G. (2010-10-08). Management Science The Art of Modeling withSpreadsheets, 3rd Edition. John Wiley Sons, Inc. Kindle Edition.Garger, John. The Advantages of Upgrading Your Business Software. Bright Hub. Nov 8th, 2010. Accessed Dec. 12th, 2012. http//www.brighthub.com/computing/hardware/articles/43180.aspxGraves, Sherry. The enormousness Of Excel In The Workplace. SparkNET. Sept. 10, 2007. Accessed on Dec.12th, 2012. http//ezinearticles.com/?The-Importance-Of-Excel-In-The-Workplaceid=724646

Katzenbach and Smith Essay Example for Free

Katzenbach and Smith EssayIntroductionFor this essay I pass on be explaining what I business leader do to encourage police squad up accomplishment by using Katzenbach and Smiths Article as a scaled directive/guideline. The discipline of teams has been utile to show how to encourage team cognitive operation and this I will explain I will explain in the first part of this essay.Main dead bodyAccording to Katzenbach and Smith, there is an importance to distinguish among Teams and Groups. Why? Because it is believed that Teams are different from Groups because they use collective working whereas Groups are ground around respective(prenominal) performance. 8 things that Katzenbach and Smith said about how to encourage Teamwork areEstablish urgency, demanding performance standards, and direction. Katzenbach and Smith All team members need to believe the team has urgent and worthwhile purposes, and want to know what the expectations are.I can use this to encourage team perfor mance by setting standards, rules and directions so the team will know their purpose and what goals they are aiming for.Select members for skill and skill potential, not personality. Katzenbach and Smith No team succeeds without the skills needed to meet its purpose and performance goals. Yet most teams figure out the skills they will need after they are formed.You can choose the people to be team leaders, purely based on their skills. This people will need to have good skills most especially the Leadership skills and Motivational Skills in order to take charge of the team in absence of the manager.Set some clear rules of doings. Katzenbach and Smith All effective teams develop rules of conduct at the outset to help them get through their purpose and performance goals.To encourage team performance I would provoke current I have the teams attention with no distractions from ph iodins etc., make sure everyone gets a clear chance to speak with no interruptions and constructive co nfrontation, agree that the only things to leave the room is what is agreed on, always make sure that everyone has an analytic approach while doing research and last of all make sure everyone gets assignments to themselves and make sure they are done.Challenge the group regularly with impertinent facts and information. Katzenbach and Smith New information causes a team to redefine and enrich its understanding of the performance challenge, thereby helping the shape a familiar purpose, set clearer goals and improve its common approach.I can use this to encourage teamwork by always making sure that everyone on the team does research to mind defects in the way the team works, and then have sessions where we discuss how this defects can be sorted out.Spend lots of time together. Katzenbach and Smith Common backbone tells us that team members must spend a lot of time together, scheduled and unscheduled, especially in the beginning.This can be used to encourage teamwork as it will cr eate creative insights and personal bonds between the team members as they will slowly star to develop a work relationship between each other.Exploit the positive feedback, recognition, and reward. Katzenbach and Smith Positive reinforcement works as well in a team context as elsewhere.This will help encourage team performance as it allows people in the team to get a sense that yes they are world shown gratitude for all the big(p) theyve show. One other way you can encourage team work it to use Emotional Intelligence (Goleman) this is needed to improve a team as it brings concepts of love and spirituality bringing compassion and humanity to work and Multiple Intelligence theory which illustrates and measures capabilities people possess, and also help show that everybody has a repute in the team.But Teams may also have many stakes attached and in this part of essay I will be analysing these risks.For example complaisance, this is the action of always acting in accordance to prev ailing social standards, attitude, and practices etc.An example of this type of behaviour can be seen in Solomon Aschs Studies in Conformity in one of Aschs experiment which was design to show how perfect normal human beings can be pressured into unusual behaviour by authority figures, or by the consensus of opinion around them. The experiment was.Eight subjects were seated round a table to prevent suspicion. Only one participant was actually a genuine subject while the others were just actors to give already selected responses.The experiment was each participant was in turn asked to resultant a series of question, such as which line was the longest or which matched the reference line. The results came out as over one third of the subjects also balmy an incorrect option.Aschs experiment gives us a slight insight into how conformity affects a team. Another risk team work is Groupthink. Groupthink is when groups of people in a team harmonise in a decision making group override a re alistic alternative as it differs from their groups alternative.An example of group think can be seen Group Decision Fiascos Continue Space Shuttle Challenger and Revised Groupthink Framework. The explosion of the situation shuttle Challenger is the worst disaster in space flight history and it crippled the American space programme. The NASA managers knew about the faults if they launched the space craft, but disdain a huge amount of warnings from their engineers about the dangers if launching posed by the low temperatures that morning. The NASA managers also failed to adequately repost the problems to their superiors and this was what actually caused the catastrophic disaster.And this is why groupthink is a risk of Teamwork. As people can be shut out and made to look as it they didnt know what they were talking about or being made to look as if they were outcasts.ConclusionBut all in all we have to give credit to Katzenbach and Smith for their work in finding ways in improving t eam work as they have given us a great insight in to improving performance in a team by setting showing how and what it takes to make a team function properly. But as highlighted teams can be unfit as they can cause conformity, and sticky situations like groupthink which cause comprise lives and not on lives, in a business environment it could cost sales to drop etc. Teamwork has lots of risks but if team work is carried out properly then it is most like nothing will go wrong for the people in the team.